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Electrocution

Electrocution - the effect resulting from the flow of substantial electrical current through the tissue of living organisms - humans and animals. The functioning of every living organism is associated with flow through the tissues very weak electrical currents with values not exceeding a fraction milliamperes and the formation of the body's minimum voltage differences between tissues, not exceeding a fraction of a volt. But tissue contact - eg. Human or animal skin - with external sources of electric current can lead to paralysis effect that the disadvantaged may end up being burned or being burned part of the tissue, and muscle spasms, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest or even death .

The negative effects of contacting the tissue with a source of electrical current caused by the current flow of greater than about 1 milliamperes. The current can flow through the human body then, when dry skin is touched, for example. With live electric line than about 100 volts, but even slight skin moisture can cause the occurrence of noticeable (though generally harmless to life and health) effects already infested with voltages lower (eg it can be. seen as a "tingling" with wet fingers touching the wires connected to the telephone network, in which there is only voltage 48 V). The wet mucous membranes are more susceptible to leakage current, so touching example. Tongue tip simple "flat" electric battery voltage of 4.5 V is felt as a "pinch" in the language, and touching in the same manner poles bateryjki 9-volt is already linked with unpleasant feelings.

Based on observations (for currents less than 20 mA) found that people generally do not notice the fact flow through their body currents below half milliamperes; As the current experiences are becoming more and more uncomfortable and painful, wherein the sensitivity is less than the operation than the alternating current, and that the sensitivity of women is slightly higher than men. For a man short-skin contact with the source voltage rating not exceeding 1 kilovolt generally do not threaten serious consequences, as long as there is no situation where involuntary muscle spasm that usually occurs in such a situation will not lead to an extension of that contact (eg. By clamping a hand on placed under tension line). The current flow in excess of 20 mA, if it takes longer than ten seconds is dangerous to health, and above approx. 70 mA - for life.

Currently in Poland the newly created household electrical installations are fitted compulsorily RCDs AC type with a rated differential current of 30 mA (activation from the middle of, or 15-30 mA), designed to protect people against the effects of electric shock. Electrocution is sometimes invoked as intended. It is used, among others, in medicine (electroconvulsive therapy, transcutaneous nerve stimulation, defibrillation, cardioversion).